Free Ebook Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Routledge Classics) (Volume 123)
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Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Routledge Classics) (Volume 123)
Free Ebook Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Routledge Classics) (Volume 123)
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Review
"Wittgenstein, in his preface, tells us that his book is not a textbook, and that its object will be attained if there is one person who reads it with understanding and to whom it affords pleasure. We think there are many persons who will read it with understanding and enjoy it. The treatise is clear and lucid. The author is continually arresting us with new and striking thoughts, and he closes on a note of mystical exaltation."-The Times Literary Supplement ""Tractatus is one of the fundamental texts of twentieth-century philosophy - short, bold, cryptic, and remarkable in its power to stir the imagination of philosophers and non-philosophers alike."-Michael Frayn
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About the Author
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889 - 1951) is regarded by many as the most outstanding philosopher of the twentieth century.
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Product details
Paperback: 142 pages
Publisher: Routledge; 2 edition (June 28, 2001)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 0415254086
ISBN-13: 978-0415254083
Product Dimensions:
5.1 x 0.3 x 7.8 inches
Shipping Weight: 6.4 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.1 out of 5 stars
128 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#375,999 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
In Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Wittgenstein “deals with the problems of philosophy and shows … that the method of formulating these problems rests on the misunderstanding of the logic of our language.â€Hence, the author demonstrates that the solution to most philosophic problems becomes a critical method of linguistic analysis.Tractatus begins with ontology and the state of affairs of the world is described. From there the book deals largely with the question of how language works and how it can describe the world accurately. Many forms of language (e.g. names and propositions) reflect different objective parts of reality (e.g. objects and facts). Logic is then discussed as it pertains to tautologies, contradictions and propositions. From this claim stems the conclusion that that the laws of science are not logical “laws,†but a means that we use to express reality—hence, science does not in fact explain our world but merely describes it.Although the author embraces logic, he ironically ventures into the mystical on many occasions. Some of such highlights of Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus include the proposal that most philosophical propositions are senseless (4.003), the relativity of “free†will and the lack of inner necessity of causality (5.1362), and the inability to recognize either the truth or falsehood from non-logical propositions. Wittgenstein brilliantly elaborates on widely accepted, yet wholly non-certain, everyday happenings (6.363II to 6.372) and clarifies that all ethics is transcendental (6.42I). In effect, the author posits that morality is in fact objective because subjective morality stems from happenstance, and is therefore meaningless.All potential readers should be acutely aware that this book is a very, very tough read. You may find yourself taking several minutes to read through one short page and then several hours to digest what it is you in fact just read. Either way, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is a terse, powerful, enigmatic and notable in its ability to whisk the dormant imagination into shape. The intellectual ramifications of being able to fully grasp and comprehend the material are limitless.
Amazing read, and recommendable. Wittgenstein tried to spell out precisely what a logically constructed language can (and cannot) be used to say. Its seven basic propositions simply state that language, thought, and reality share a common structure, fully expressible in logical terms.On Wittgenstein's view, the world consists entirely of facts. (Tractatus 1.1) Human beings are aware of the facts by virtue of our mental representations or thoughts, which are most fruitfully understood as picturing the way things are. (Tractatus 2.1) These thoughts are, in turn, expressed in propostitions, whose form indicates the position of these facts within the nature of reality as a whole and whose content presents the truth-conditions under which they correspond to that reality. (Tractatus 4) Everything that is true—that is, all the facts that constitute the world—can in principle be expressed by atomic sentences. Imagine a comprehensive list of all the true sentences. They would picture all of the facts there are, and this would be an adequate representation of the world as a whole. Tractatus, however, not only provides a way to structure our knowledge about the world, but also provokes to develop a critical contradiction with a non-factual or emotioanl sphere of human nature.
I consider this book to be very worth reading because it is associated with an extremely important period in philosophy following the work of Frege, Russell and Whitehead. I found it to be very opaque. Wittgenstein seemed to be struggling with ideas he encountered while considering the work of Frege, Russell and Whitehead. The preface by Russell showed that he considered the work to be very significant. I intend to study more about this, and will probably revise this review later. For now, I would recommend reading the Tractatus, but I did not understand it very well.I think that a primary aim of Wittgenstein in the Tractatus was to address Russell's paradox and other problems of the "language" of logic, as being developed by Frege, Russell and Whitehead at that time. This led him into deep waters with respect to the mysteries of language, and a seeming necessity to set limits, even if these limits were somewhat arbitrary. Certainly some of his insights in this regard were highly penetrating. In particular, he viewed transgressing limits where truth could be adequately assessed as entering a realm of nonsense. I feel that had Gödel's work been available at the time, Wittgenstein might have thought somewhat differently about the limits he perceived. On the other hand, Wittgenstein ignored this work later in the more mature phases of his thinking. I came away from the Tractatus feeling that while it is still of great importance, especially as it was at a historical nexus in the evolution of logic, and displays some profound insights, time has somewhat passed it by.
This appears to be the product of a poor scan and OCR. There are multiple typos per page. Why does this matter more than usual? It's Wittgentein, and he was all about how ideas can and cannot be expressed in language. By introducing errors like this, it renders it almost unreadable.
One of the most influential books of the first half of the twentieth century and alongside Philosophical Investigations sets the standard for analytical philosophy's immense influence on modern theory. Wittgenstein basically demolishes metaphysical pretensions that derive from the reification of language.
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